Set up SFTP Server on Rocky Linux 8: Secure Data Transfer

This tutorial intends to teach you to Set up SFTP Server on Rocky Linux 8. As you know, you can use the SFT server to securely transfer your data information. This guide on the Orcacore website will show you how to Configure an SFTP User Account, a Transfer File for SFTP, and Login to the SFTP Server on Rocky Linux 8.

Table of Contents

How To Set up SFTP Server on Rocky Linux 8?

To complete this guide, you must log in to your server as a non-root user with sudo privileges. To do this, you can follow our guide on Initial Server Setup with Rocky Linux 8.

Now follow the steps below to complete your SFTP server setup.

Step 1 – Install SSH on Rocky Linux 8

You should have SSH installed on your server to set up the SFTP server. First, run the system update with the following command:

sudo dnf update -y

Then, use the following command to install SSH:

sudo dnf install openssh-server -y

Manage SSH Service

When your installation is completed, use the commands below to start and enable the SSH service to start on boot:

# sudo systemctl start sshd
# sudo systemctl enable sshd

Verify your SSH service is active and running on Rocky Linux 8:

sudo systemctl status sshd

Step 2 – Configure SFTP User Account on Rocky Linux 8

At this point, you need to create a group for the SFTP to grant some mutual permissions to a group of users.

First, create a group named “sftp” by using the command below: You can choose your desired name.

sudo groupadd sftp

Then, create a user who will have the same privileges as the group. To do this, run the command below: You can choose your desired name.

sudo useradd orca

Verify that your user has been created by using the command below:

less /etc/passwd | grep orca

Output
orca:x:1000:1001::/home/orca:/bin/bash

Then, create a password for your user by using the following command:

sudo passwd orca

Output
Changing password for user orca.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

Now you need to add your user to the SFTP group on Rocky Linux 8:

sudo usermod -a -G sftp orca

At this point, verify the SFTP’s group details by using the command below:

grep sftp /etc/group

Output
sftp:x:1000:orca

As you can see from the output, the user orca was added successfully to the SFTP group.

Step 3 – Configure a Transfer File for SFTP on Rocky Linux 8

At this point, you need to have a directory that the users can access instead of accessing the entire machine.

To create the directory under /var/sftp/ run the command below:

sudo mkdir -p /var/sftp/Document

Set the ownership of the above directory to the root user by using the following command:

sudo chown root:root /var/sftp

Also, set the correct permissions for it:

sudo chmod 755 /var/sftp

At this point, you need to allow access to the “Documents” directory to the SFTP user (orca):

sudo chown orca:orca /var/sftp/Document

Now you need to edit the SSH configuration file. Open the file with your favorite text editor, here we use the vi editor:

sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Find the Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server line and the following content under it:

Subsystem sftp  /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server

# Example of overriding settings on a per-user basis
#Match User anoncvs
#       X11Forwarding no
#       AllowTcpForwarding no
#       PermitTTY no
#       ForceCommand cvs server
Match User orca
ChrootDirectory /var/sftp
X11Forwarding no
AllowTcpForwarding no
ForceCommand internal-sftp

When you are done, save and close the file.

Restart SSH, to apply the changes:

sudo systemctl restart sshd

First, connect to the user SFTP User using the SSH service only for the testing purpose:

ssh orca@localhost

Output
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'localhost' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
orca@localhost's password:
This service allows sftp connections only.
Connection to localhost closed.

To test from the same system as the one you just configured SFTP on, connecting to the loopback address 127.0.0.1 will work just fine.

sftp orca@127.0.0.1

Output
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '127.0.0.1' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
orca@127.0.0.1's password:
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
sftp>

At this point, list down the directories of SFTP by using the command below:

sftp> ls
Document

To exit from the SFTP Server, just run the exit command.

sftp> exit

Step 5 – Uninstall SFTP From Rocky Linux 8

At this point, if you want to remove the SFTP from your server, you can easily delete the SSH with all its files:

sudo dnf remove openssh-server -y

This command will remove SFTP and all of its data.

Conclusion

At this point, you have learned to Configure the SFTP User Account, a Transfer File for SFTP, and log in to the SFTP Server on Rocky Linux 8. Also, you can easily remove SFTP and all its data using a single command.

Hope you enjoy it. You may also like these articles:

How To Change SSH port on Rocky Linux

How To Generate SSH Key Pairs on Rocky Linux 8