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Set up Laravel on Rocky Linux 9
In this guide, we want to teach you to Set up (Install and Configure) Laravel on Rocky Linux 9.
Laravel is primarily used for building custom web apps using PHP. It’s a web framework that handles many things that are annoying to build yourself, such as routing, templating HTML, and authentication.
Laravel is entirely server-side, due to running on PHP, and focuses heavily on data manipulation and sticking to a Model-View-Controller design.
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Steps To Set up Laravel on Rocky Linux 9
To complete this guide, you need some requirements.
Requirements
First, you must log in to your server as a root or non-root user with sudo privileges and set up a basic firewall. To do this, you can follow our article the Initial Server Setup with Rocky Linux 9.
Then, you need to have the LEMP installed on your server. For this, you can follow the article How To Install LEMP Stack on Rocky Linux 9.
Also, you need a domain name that is pointed to your server’s IP address.
When you are done with these requirements, you can follow the steps below to complete this guide.
Configure PHP For Laravel
First, you need to install some PHP extensions and required packages on your server with the command below:
dnf install php-common php-xml php-mbstring php-json php-zip curl unzip -yThen, you need to edit the PHP-FPM configuration file, and open the file with your favorite text editor, here we use the vi editor:
vi /etc/php-fpm.d/www.confFind the lines below and uncomment them by removing the “;” from the beginning of the line and changing them to the Nginx:
listen.owner = nginx
listen.group = nginxWhen you are done, save and close the file.
Next, you need to edit the php.ini configuration file:
vi /etc/php.iniAnd change the following lines. Set your own time zone, and uncomment them by removing the “;” from the beginning of the line:
date.timezone = America/New_York
cgi.fix_pathinfo=1When you are done, save and close the file.
Install Composer For Laravel
In this guide, you will install Laravel by using the composer. So you need to install Composer on Rocky Linux 9 with the command below:
curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | phpWhen your installation is completed, you will get the following output:
Output
All settings correct for using Composer
Downloading...
Composer (version 2.5.4) successfully installed to: /root/composer.phar
Use it: php composer.pharNow you need to move the Composer binary to the system path:
mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composerThen, set the correct permissions for it:
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/composerVerify your Composer installation by checking its version:
composer --versionOutput
Composer version 2.5.4 2023-02-15 13:10:06Install Laravel on Rocky Linux 9
At this point, you can start to install Laravel on your server.
First, switch to the Nginx web root directory:
cd /var/www/html/Then, install Laravel by using the Composer:
composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel laravelWhen your installation is completed, you will get the following output:
Output
INFO Application key set successfully.Then, use the following commands to set the correct permissions and ownership to Laravel:
# chown -R nginx:nginx /var/www/html/laravel/
# chown -R nginx:nginx /var/www/html/laravel/storage/
# chown -R nginx:nginx /var/www/html/laravel/bootstrap/cache/
# chmod -R 0777 /var/www/html/laravel/storage/
# chmod -R 0775 /var/www/html/laravel/bootstrap/cache/Create an Nginx VirtualHost for Laravel
At this point, you need to create an Nginx configuration file for Laravel, here we use vi:
vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/laravel.confAdd the following content to the file, remember to replace the domain name with your own:
server {
listen 80;
server_name domain-name;
root /var/www/html/laravel/public;
index index.php;
charset utf-8;
gzip on;
gzip_types text/css application/javascript text/javascript application/x-javascript image/svg+xml text/plain text/xsd text/xsl text/xml image/x-icon;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
}
location ~ \.php {
include fastcgi.conf;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php-fpm/www.sock;
}
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
}
}When you are done, save and close the file.
Then, verify Laravel for any configuration error on Rocky Linux 9:
nginx -tOutput
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successfulTo apply the changes, restart Nginx and PHP-FPM:
# systemctl restart php-fpm
# systemctl restart nginxConfigure Firewall For Laravel
Next, you need to allow ports 80 and 443 through the firewall. To do this, run the commands below:
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=http
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=httpsReload the firewall, to apply the new rules:
firewall-cmd --reloadAccess Laravel Web Interface
At this point, you can access your Laravel through the web interface by typing your domain name or server’s IP address:
http://domain-nameYou will see the following screen:
Secure Laravel with Let’s Encrypt on Rocky Linux 9
It is recommended to enable SSL on the Laravel website to secure the connection. Let’s Encrypt provides a free SSL to obtain, renew, and manage SSL/TLS certificates for your domain.
First, install the Certbot client on Rocky Linux 9 with the following commands:
# dnf install epel-release -y
# dnf install certbot python3-certbot-nginx -yThen, run the following command to download Let’s Encrypt SSL for your Laravel domain:
certbot --nginx -d domain-nameYou will be asked to provide your valid email and accept the term of service.
When the certificate has been installed, you should see the following output:
Output
Successfully received certificate.
Certificate is saved at: /etc/letsencrypt/live/your-domain/fullchain.pem
Key is saved at: /etc/letsencrypt/live/your-domain/privkey.pem
This certificate expires on 2023-06-03.
These files will be updated when the certificate renews.
Certbot has set up a scheduled task to automatically renew this certificate in the background.
Deploying certificate
Successfully deployed certificate for your-domain to /etc/nginx/conf.d/laravel.conf
Congratulations! You have successfully enabled HTTPS on https://your-domain
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If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by:
* Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt: https://letsencrypt.org/donate
* Donating to EFF: https://eff.org/donate-le
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -At this point, your Laravel website is secured with Let’s Encrypt SSL on Rocky Linux 9.
You can now access it securely using the URL below:
https://domain-nameSet up Auto-renewal for Laravel SSL certificates
Let’s Encrypt certificates are valid for 90 days, but it’s recommended that you renew the certificates every 60 days.
You can test automatic renewal for your certificates with the following command:
sudo certbot renew --dry-runYour output should similar to this:
Output
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
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Processing /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/your-domain.conf
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Account registered.
Simulating renewal of an existing certificate for your-domain
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Congratulations, all simulated renewals succeeded:
/etc/letsencrypt/live/your-domain/fullchain.pem (success)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Also, it is safe to create a cron job that runs every week, or even every day.
To edit the crontab for the root user run the following command:
sudo crontab -eThen, add the following line to the empty file:
0 0,12 * * * python -c 'import random; import time; time.sleep(random.random() * 3600)' && certbot renew --quietWhen you are done, save and close the file with the “:wq”.
Conclusion
At this point, you have learned to Set up (Install and Configure) Laravel on Rocky Linux 9. Also, you have learned to Secure Laravel by using Let’s Encrypt on Rocky Linux 9.
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