Install Apache Maven on Debian 12 Command Line

In this guide, we try to teach you to Install the latest Apache Maven on Debian 12 Command Line and Create a Test Project. Apache Maven is a powerful build automation tool that is used for Java projects. With Maven, you can easily build, manage, and deploy Java-based applications. The key features of Apache Maven include:

• Project Object Model (POM)
• Dependency Management
• Build Lifecycle and Plugins
• Convention over Configuration
• Integrated Testing and Reporting
• Artifact Management and Distribution
• Multi-Module Projects

Now you can follow the steps below to start your Apache Maven installation on Debian 12 from the command line.

Learn To Install Apache Maven on the Debian 12 Command Line

To start, you need to log in to your server as a non-root user with sudo privileges. For this purpose, you can check the Debian 12 Initial Setup Guide.

Then, you need to install Apache. To do this, you can check Apache Web Server Installation on Debian 12.

Also, you need to have Java installed on your server. To do this, you can check Install Java with Apt on Debian 12 Bookworm.

Once you are done, follow the steps below to complete this guide.

Step 1 – Verify Java Installation For Apache Maven

As you may know, Apache Maven is working on Java, So you need to install it on your server. We assumed that you have installed Java from the requirements. To verify it, you can check the version:

java --version

Example Output:

Step 2 – Download Latest Apache Maven From Source

At this point, you need to visit the Maven Downloads Page and get the latest binary package by using the following wget command:

sudo wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/maven/maven-3/3.9.6/binaries/apache-maven-3.9.6-bin.tar.gz

Once your download is completed, you will get the following output:

Next, extract your downloaded file with the following command:

sudo tar -xvf apache-maven-*-bin.tar.gz

Then, move your extracted file to the /usr/share directory with the command below:

sudo mv apache-maven-3.9.6 /usr/share/maven

Step 3 – Set up Maven Environment PATH on Debian 12

To use the maven command tool from anywhere in your terminal, you need to add its folder path in your bash profile. For this purpose, you can run the following commands:

# echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/usr/share/maven"' >> ~/.bashrc
# echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/usr/share/maven/bin"' >> ~/.bashrc

To apply the changes, run the command below:

source ~/.bashrc

Step 4 – Verify Apache Maven Installation on Debian 12

At this point, you can check you have successfully installed Maven from source on your server by using the following command:

mvn -v

In your output, you will see:

Step 5 – Create a Test Apache Maven Project

Now to see if your Maven is working correctly, we show you how to create a test project on Debian 12. First, create a directory for your Maven project and navigate to it with the command below:

# mkdir MyMavenProject
# cd MyMavenProject

Inside the project directory, create a file named “pom.xml“. This file will contain the project configuration, dependencies, and build settings. To do this, you can use your favorite text editor like Vi editor or Nano editor:

sudo vi pom.xml

Add the following content to the file:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  
  <!-- Define project coordinates -->
  <groupId>com.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>MyMavenProject</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  
  <!-- Define project metadata -->
  <name>My Maven Project</name>
  <description>A simple Apache Maven project</description>
  
  <!-- Define project dependencies -->
  <dependencies>
    <!-- Add dependencies here -->
  </dependencies>
</project>

Note: If your project requires any dependencies, you can add them inside the section of the POM file.

When you are done, save and close the file.

Next, inside the project directory, create the directory structure for your Java source code:

# mkdir -p src/main/java/com/example
# mkdir -p src/test/java/com/example

Then, you need to create Java source files in the appropriate directories. For example, create a simple Java class named “App.java” in the src/main/java/com/example directory:

sudo vi src/main/java/com/example/App.java

Add the following content to the file:

package com.example;

public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello, Maven!");
    }
}

When you are done, save and close the file.

Next, you can use the following command to build your Maven project on Debian 12:

mvn clean package

This command will compile the source code, run any tests (if present), and package the project into a JAR file.

Finally, you can use the command below to run your application:

java -cp target/MyMavenProject-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar com.example.App

In your output, you will see:

Hello, Maven!

Conclusion

Apache Maven simpilifies the build and development process for Java projects, promoting consistency, repeatability, and maintainability across different projects and teams. It is widely used in the Java ecosystem and has a wide range of plugins and integrations to support various development workflows and scenarios.

At this point, you have learned to Install Apache Maven on Debian 12 from the Command Line and create a test project with Maven. Hope you enjoy it.

Also, you may like to read the follwoing articles:

Install VirtualBox and Extension Pack on Debian 12 Terminal

LEMP Stack Setup with Docker Compose on Debian / Ubuntu

Xfce Desktop Environment Debian 12 Setup Tutorial